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Cause Verb Forms

Base form (v1)	Cause
Past form (v2)	Caused
Past Participle (v3) -ed form	Caused
Present Participle (v4) ‘ing’ form	Causing
Present simple (v5) s / es/ ies	Causes

Cause present tense

Simple present tense of cause
used for facts, generalizations, and truths that are not affected by the passage of time
Present continuous tense of cause
used to describe currently ongoing (usually temporary) actions
Present perfect tense of cause
used to describe events that began in the past and are expected to continue, or to emphasize the relevance of past events to the present moment
Present perfect continuous tense of cause
used to describe events that started in the past and continue into the present or were recently completed, emphasizing their relevance to the present moment

Cause past tense

Simple past tense of cause
used for events completed in the past
Past continuous tense of cause
used to describe ongoing past events, often in relation to the occurrence of another event
Past perfect tense of cause
used to describe events that happened prior to other events in the past
Past perfect continuous tense of cause
used to describe events that began, continued, and ended in the past, emphasizing their relevance to a past moment

Cause future tense

Simple future tense of cause
used for events to be completed in the future
Future continuous tense of cause
used to describe future events that are expected to continue over a period of time
Future perfect tense of cause
used to describe events that will be completed between now and a specific point in the future
Future perfect continuous tense of cause
used to describe events that will continue up until a point in the future, emphasizing their expected duration

Simple present tense of cause

Present continuous tense of cause

Present perfect tense of cause

Present perfect continuous tense of cause

Simple past tense of cause

Past continuous tense of cause

Past perfect tense of cause

Past perfect continuous tense of cause

Simple future tense of cause

Future continuous tense of cause

Future perfect tense of cause

Future perfect continuous tense of cause